Signs of Zodiac

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Signs of Zodiac
SUN SIGNS
Foreword
Aries
Taurus
Gemini
Cancer
Leo
Virgo
Libra
Scorpio
Sagittarius
Capricorn
Aquarius
Pisces

SIGNS OF ZODIAC

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Horoscope

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horoscope, in astrology, a chart of the heavens, showing the relative positions of the Sun, the Moon, the planets, and the ascendant and midheaven signs of the zodiac at a specific moment in time. A horoscope is used to provide information about the present and to predict events to come. Á¡¼º¼ú¿¡¼­ ƯÁ¤ ¼ø°£¿¡ žç(÷¼åÕ), ´Þ, Ç༺(ú¼àø), ±×¸®°í ÃâÇöÇϰųª Áßõ¿¡ ¶ß´Â Ȳµµ 12±Ã µîÀÇ »ó´ëÀûÀÎ À§Ä¡¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ µµÇ¥. ÇöÀçÀÇ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°í ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ÀÏÀ» ¿¹°ßÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
An individual horoscope usually plots the moment of birth and is used by astrologers to analyze character, as well as--in conjunction with other astrological data--to predict the future. This is in accordance with the belief that each celestial body has its own mythological character, modified according to its geometric relationship with the other celestial bodies at a given moment. Everything in the universe being interrelated, these bodies exert an influence, particularly on the newborn. In casting a horoscope, the heavens are commonly represented by a circle divided into 12 intersections, called houses. Each of these houses is assigned several departments of human life, such as wealth or marriage. The planet that falls within a particular house is said to influence matters pertaining to that house. 12±ÃµµÀÇ °¢°¢Àº ÁַΠź»ý ½Ã±â¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¸ç, Á¡¼º¼ú°¡µéÀÌ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Á¡¼ºÇÐÀû ÀÚ·á¿Í ÇÔ²² ¹Ì·¡¸¦ ¿¹ÃøÇϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº °¢°¢ÀÇ ÃµÃ¼(ô¸ô÷)°¡ ¹Ì½ÅÀûÀΠƯ¼ºÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÁÖ¾îÁø ¼ø°£¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ õü¿ÍÀÇ ±âÇÏÇÐÀû °ü°è¿¡ µû¶ó ´Þ¶óÁø´Ù´Â ¹ÏÀ½¿¡ µû¸¥´Ù. ¿ìÁÖ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ¼­·Î °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÃµÃ¼µéÀº ƯÈ÷ »õ·Î ž ¾ÆÀ̵鿡°Ô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. 12±Ãµµ¸¦ ¹èÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§ ÇÏ´ÃÀº ±Ã(Ïà)À̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â 12°³ÀÇ ¿µ¿ªÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾îÁø ¿øÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöµÈ´Ù. °¢°¢ÀÇ ±ÃÀº ºÎ(Ý£)¡¤°áÈ¥¡¤Àڽġ¤¿ìÁ¤¡¤°ø°øÁöÀ§¡¤¿ø¼ö¡¤Á×À½°ú °°Àº Àΰ£ »ýȰÀÇ ¿©·¯ ºÎºÐÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ±Ã ¾ÈÀ¸·Î µé¾î°£ Ç༺Àº ±Ã°ú °ü·ÃµÈ »ç°Çµé¿¡ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÌµç ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÌµç ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä£´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

House

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house, in astrology, 1 of the 12 sectors, or divisions, of the celestial sphere. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼­ õ±¸¸¦ ³ª´­ ¶§ÀÇ 12¿µ¿ª °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª.

Zodiac

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zodiac, in astronomy and astrology, a belt around the heavens extending 9¡Æ on either side of the ecliptic, the plane of the earth's orbit and of the sun's apparent annual path. The orbits of the moon and of the principal planets (except Pluto) also lie entirely within the zodiac. The 12 astrological signs of the zodiac are each considered to occupy 1/12 (or 30¡Æ ) of its great circle. These signs no longer correspond to the astronomical constellations in which the sun actually appears. The constellations are irregular in size and shape, and the sun regularly passes through one constellation (Ophiuchus) that is not considered a member of the zodiac. ȲµµÀÇ ¾çÂÊ 9¡Æ ³ÐÀÌ·Î ÇÏ´ÃÀ» µÎ¸£´Â ¶ì. ¸í¿Õ¼ºÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ´Þ°ú ÁÖ¿äÇ༺µéÀÇ ±Ëµµ´Â ¸ðµÎ Ȳµµ´ë ¾È¿¡ ³õ¿© ÀÖ´Ù. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀº °¢°¢ Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ 1/12(30¡Æ)À» Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ È²µµ 12±ÃµéÀº žçÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î Áö³ª°¡´Â õ¹®ÇÐÀû º°ÀÚ¸®µé°ú ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀÇ Å©±â¿Í ¸ð¾çÀº ºÒ±ÔÄ¢Çϸç, ž絵 Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ¹ìÁÖÀÎÀÚ¸®¸¦ ±ÔÄ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Åë°úÇÑ´Ù.
Because most of the constellations through which the ecliptic passes represent animals, the ancient Greeks called its zone zodiakos kyklos, "circle of animals," or ta zodia, "the little animals." The size and number of zodiacal constellations varied in antiquity and became fixed only with the development of mathematical astronomy. The list below gives the constellations of the zodiac, with the dates of the sun's passage through them in the era when their boundaries were fixed. These dates are still used for the astrological signs, though precession of the equinoxes has shifted the constellations eastward; e.g., on January 1 the direction of the sun is now in Sagittarius instead of Capricornus. The history of the symbols is unknown; they seem to appear first in Greek manuscripts of the late Middle Ages. Ȳµµ°¡ Åë°úÇÏ´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀº µ¿¹°À» ³ªÅ¸³»±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °í´ë ±×¸®½ºÀεéÀº ÀÌ ¿µ¿ªÀ» 'µ¿¹°µéÀÇ ¿ø'(zdiakos kyklos) ¶Ç´Â 'ÀÛÀº µ¿¹°µé'(ta zodia)À̶ó°í ºÒ·¶´Ù. °í´ë¿¡´Â Ȳµµ´ë º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀÇ Å©±â¿Í °³¼ö°¡ ´Ù¾çÇßÁö¸¸ ¼ö¸®Ãµ¹®ÇÐÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀ¸·Î Á¤ÂøÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ¸ñ·ÏÀº Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ º°ÀÚ¸®µé°ú º°ÀÚ¸®µé »çÀÌÀÇ °æ°è°¡ °íÁ¤µÈ °æ¿ì, žçÀÌ ±×°ÍµéÀ» Åë°úÇÏ´Â ±â°£À» ³ªÅ¸³Â´Ù. ÃáºÐÁ¡ÀÇ ¼¼Â÷¿îµ¿ ¶§¹®¿¡ º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀÌ µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î ÆíÇâµÇ±â´Â ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³¯Â¥µéÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¾²À̰í ÀÖ´Ù. 12±ÃÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ±âÈ£µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ª»ç´Â ¾Ë·ÁÁöÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¾Æ¸¶µµ Áß¼¼ ÈĹݿ¡ ±×¸®½ºÀÇ Çʻ纻¿¡¼­ óÀ½À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³­ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ. BC 3¼¼±â¿¡´Â Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ °³³äÀÌ ÀÌÁýÆ®±îÁö ÀüÇØÁ®¼­, õ±¸ÀÇ µ¿ÂÊ¿¡¼­ ¼­ÂÊÀ¸·Î °ÅÀÇ °°Àº °£°ÝÀ» µÎ°í À§Ä¡ÇÑ 36°³ÀÇ ¹àÀº º°À̳ª Ç×¼ºÃ³·³ º¸ÀÌ´Â °Íµé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø µ¥Ä­(decan)À̶ó´Â ü°è¿Í È¥ÇյǾú´Ù. ÀÌ °¢°¢ÀÇ µ¥Ä­Àº 1³â Áß ¾à 10ÀÏ µ¿¾È¾¿ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°Å³ª °¢ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÏ´Â ½ÅÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. °¢°¢ÀÇ µ¥Ä­Àº Á¤È®È÷ °¢°¢ÀÇ È²µµ 12±ÃÀÇ 1/3¾¿À» ÀǹÌÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.

{Aries} Aries (Ram): March 21-April 19

{Taurus} Taurus (Bull): April 20-May 20

{Gemini} Gemini (Twins): May 21-June 21

{Cancer} Cancer (Crab): June 22-July 22

{Leo} Leo (Lion): July 23-Aug. 22

{Virgo} Virgo (Virgin): Aug. 23-Sept. 22

{Libra} Libra (Balance): Sept. 23-Oct. 23

{Scorpio} Scorpius (Scorpion): Oct. 24-Nov. 21

{Sagittarius} Sagittarius (Archer): Nov. 22-Dec. 21

{Capricorn} Capricornus (Goat): Dec. 22-Jan. 19

{Aquarius} Aquarius (Water Bearer): Jan. 20-Feb. 18

{Pisces} Pisces (Fish): Feb. 19-March 20

Ecliptic

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ecliptic, in astronomy, the great circle that is the apparent path of the Sun among the constellations in the course of a year; from another viewpoint, the projection on the celestial sphere of the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. The constellations of the zodiac are arranged along the ecliptic. The ecliptic is inclined about 23 1/25 to the plane of the celestial equator; the two points of intersection of the ecliptic and the plane mark the vernal and autumnal equinoxes. 1³â µ¿¾È º°ÀÚ¸® »çÀ̸¦ ¿òÁ÷À̴ žçÀÇ °Ñº¸±â °æ·Î. ´Ù¸¥ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ º¸¸é, žç ÁÖÀ§¸¦ µµ´Â Áö±¸ÀÇ ±Ëµµ°¡ õ±¸¿¡ Åõ¿µµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀº Ȳµµ¸¦ µû¶ó¼­ Á¤·ÄµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Ȳµµ´Â õ±¸Àûµµ¸é¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾à 23.5¡Æ ±â¿ï¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Ȳµµ¿Í Àûµµ¸éÀÇ µÎ ±³Â÷Á¡À» ÃáºÐÁ¡°ú ÃߺÐÁ¡À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù.
In the ecliptic system of astronomical coordinates, celestial longitude is measured in degrees east from the vernal equinox along the ecliptic. Celestial latitude is measured in degrees north (positive) or south (negative) from the ecliptic to the ecliptic poles. Each ecliptic pole is 23 1/25 from the corresponding celestial pole. õ¹®ÁÂÇ¥°è Áß ÇϳªÀΠȲµµÁÂÇ¥°è¿¡¼­´Â Ȳ°æÀ» ÃáºÐÁ¡À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ È²µµ¸¦ µû¶ó¼­ µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î °¢µµ ´ÜÀ§·Î Àç°í, ȲÀ§´Â ȲµµÀÇ Áö¸§À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÏÂÊ(£«°ª) ¶Ç´Â ³²ÂÊ(£­°ª)À¸·Î °¢µµ ´ÜÀ§·Î Àé´Ù. Ȳ±ØÀº õ±¸ÀÇ ±Ø°ú 23.5¡Æ ±â¿ï¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.

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Aries

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Aries (Latin: "Ram"), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Pisces and Taurus, at about 3 hours right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 20¡Æ north declination (angular distance from the celestial equator).

Aries contains no very bright stars. The first point of Aries, or vernal equinox, is an intersection of the celestial equator with the apparent annual pathway of the Sun and the point in the sky from which celestial longitude and right ascension are measured. It no longer lies in Aries but has been moved into Pisces by the precession of the equinoxes.

In astrology, Aries is the first sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. March 21-c. April 19. Its representation as a ram is identified with the Egyptian god Amon and, in Greek mythology, with the ram with the golden fleece, on the back of which Phrixus, the son of King Athamas, safely fled Thessaly to Colchis, where he sacrificed the ram to Zeus, who placed it in the heavens as the constellation. The ram's golden fleece was recovered by Jason, leader of the Argonauts.

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Taurus

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in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Aries and Gemini, at about 4 hours 20 minutes right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 16¡Æ north declination (angular distance north of the celestial equator). The constellation's brightest star, Aldebaran (Alpha Tauri), is of the first magnitude. The constellation also contains the Crab Nebula (M1) and the Pleiades and Hyades star clusters.

In astrology, Taurus is the second sign of the zodiac, considered as governing that portion of the year from about April 20 to May 20. Its representation as a bull is related to the Greek myth of Zeus, who assumed the form of a bull to abduct Europa.

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Gemini

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(Latin: "Twins"), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Cancer and Taurus, at about 7 hours right ascension (the coordinate of the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 22¡Æ north declination (angular distance north of the celestial equator). Its brightest stars are Castor and Pollux (Alpha and Beta Geminorum), Pollux being the brighter of the two. The summer solstice, the northernmost point reached by the Sun in its annual apparent journey among the stars, lies in Gemini.

In astrology, Gemini is the third sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. May 21-c. June 21. It is represented by a set of twins (in Egyptian astrology by a pair of goats and in Arabian astrology by a pair of peacocks). In addition to their identification as Castor and Pollux, the twins have also been related to other celebrated pairs, such as the younger and older Horus, or Romulus and Remus.

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Cancer

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Cancer (Latin: Crab), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Leo and Gemini at about 8 hours 25 minutes right ascension (the coordinate of the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 20¡Æ north declination (angular distance north of the celestial equator). It contains the well-known star cluster called Praesepe or the Beehive.

In astrology, Cancer is the fourth sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. June 22-c. July 22. Its representation as a crab (or lobster or crayfish) is related to the crab in Greek mythology that pinched Heracles while he was fighting the Lernaean hydra. Crushed by Heracles, the crab was rewarded by Heracles' enemy, Hera, by being placed in the heavens.

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Leo

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(Latin: Lion), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Cancer and Virgo, at about 10 hours 30 minutes right ascension (the coordinate of the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 15¡Æ north declination (angular distance north of the celestial equator). Regulus (Alpha Leonis), the brightest star, is of the first magnitude. The November meteor shower called the Leonid has its radiant, or point of apparent origin, in Leo. (see also Index: Leonid meteor shower)

In astrology, Leo is the fifth sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. July 23-c. August 22. Its representation as a lion is usually linked with the Nemean lion slain by Heracles (Hercules).

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Virgo

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Virgo, in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Leo and Libra, at about 13 hours right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 2¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the celestial equator). The constellation's brightest star, Spica (Alpha Virginis), is of the first magnitude.

In astrology, Virgo is the sixth sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period from about August 23 to about September 22. It is represented as a young maiden carrying a sheaf of wheat. She is variously identified as a fertility goddess (the Babylonian and Assyrian Ishtar, among others) or the harvest maiden (the Greek Persephone and others).

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Libra

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Libra (Latin: "Balance"), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Scorpius and Virgo, at about 15 hours 30 minutes right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 15¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the celestial equator). Its stars are faint.

In astrology, Libra is the seventh sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period from about September 22 to October 23. It is represented by a woman (sometimes identified with Astraea, the Roman goddess of justice), holding a balance scale or by the balance alone.

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Scorpio

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(Latin: "Scorpion"), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Libra and Sagittarius, at about 16 hours 30 minutes right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 30¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the celestial equator). Antares (Alpha Scorpii), the brightest star, is of the first magnitude.

In astrology, Scorpius (or Scorpio) is the eighth sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period from about October 24 to about November 21. Its representation as a scorpion is related to the Greek legend of the scorpion that stung Orion to death (said to be why Orion sets as Scorpius rises in the sky). Another Greek myth relates that a scorpion caused the horses of the Sun to bolt when they were being driven for a day by the inexperienced youth Phaeton. (see also Index: Phaethon)

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Sagittarius

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Sagittarius (Latin: "Archer"), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Capricornus and Scorpius, at about 19 hours right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 25¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the celestial equator). The centre of the Milky Way Galaxy lies in Sagittarius, with the densest star clouds of the galaxy. Near the western border of Sagittarius is the winter solstice, the southernmost point reached by the Sun in its apparent annual journey among the stars.

In astrology, Sagittarius is the ninth sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period from about November 22 to about December 21. It is represented either by a centaur shooting a bow and arrow or by an arrow drawn across a bow. The identification of Sagittarius as a mounted archer was made by the Babylonians as early as the 11th century BC.

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Capricornus

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Capricornus - (Latin: Goat-horned), also called THE GOAT, in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Aquarius and Sagittarius, at about 21 hours right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 20¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the celestial equator). Its stars are faint.

In astrology, Capricornus (also Capricorn) is the 10th sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. December 22-c. January 19. One explanation of the fishtail with which the goat is often represented is found in the Greek myth of Pan, who, to avoid the monster Typhon, jumped into the water just as he was changing into animal shape. The half above water assumed the shape of a goat while the lower half, the tail, assumed the shape of a fish.

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Aquarius

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(Latin: Water Bearer), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Capricornus and Pisces, at about 23 hours right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 10¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the celestial equator). It lacks striking features, the brightest stars being only of the third magnitude.

In astrology, Aquarius is the 11th sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. January 20-c. February 18. Its representation as a man pouring a stream of water out of a jug came about, it has been suggested, because in ancient times the rising of Aquarius coincided in the Middle East with a period of floods and rain. In the conceptual scheme of the "Great Year"--the more than 25,000 years it takes the Earth to pass in turn through the influence of each of the signs of the zodiac--the Earth is said to have passed into the age of Aquarius early in the 19th century.

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Pisces

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(Latin: Fishes), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Aries and Aquarius, at about 1 hour right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 15¡Æ north declination (angular distance north of the celestial equator). The vernal equinox, the point where the Sun's annual apparent path takes it north of the celestial equator and from which celestial longitude and right ascension are measured, lies now in Pisces. The constellation contains only faint stars without any striking grouping.

In astrology, Pisces is the 12th sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. February 19-c. March 20. Its representation as two fish tied together is usually related to the Greek myth of Aphrodite and Eros, who jumped into the river to escape the monster Typhon and changed into fish, or, alternatively, the two fish that carried them to safety.

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Constellations of the zodiac.

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The Mesopotamian arrangement of constellations has survived to the present day because it became the basis of a numerical reference scheme--the ecliptic, or zodiacal, system. This occurred around 450 BC, when the ecliptic was clearly recognized and divided into 12 equal signs of the zodiac. Most modern scholars take the zodiac as a Babylonian invention; the oldest record of the zodiacal signs as such is a cuneiform horoscope from 419 BC. However, as Greek sources attribute the discovery of the ecliptic to Oenopides in the latter part of the 5th century BC, a parallel development in both Greece and Babylon should not be excluded.

At the time the zodiac was established, it was probably necessary to invent at least one new constellation, Libra. Centuries later Ptolemy's Almagest still described the stars of Libra with respect to the ancient figure of the scorpion.

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º°ÀÚ¸®µé Constellations)

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ºÏ¹Ý±¸ Northern Hemisphere ³²¹Ý±¸ / Southern Hemisphere
°Å¹®°í Lyra °í·¡ Cetus
±â¸° Camelopardalis °í¹° Puppis
µµ¸¶¹ì Lacerta °ø±âÆßÇÁ Antlia
µ¶¼ö¸® Aquila °øÀÛ Pavo
µ¹°í·¡ Delphinus ±×¹° Reticulum
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¹éÁ¶ Cygnus ³¯Ä¡ Volans
¹ì Serpens ³²½ÊÀÚ Crux
¹ìÁÖÀÎ Ophiuchus ³²Âʹ°°í±â Pisces Austrinus
ºÏÂʿհü Corona Borealis ³²ÂʻﰢÇü Triangulum Australe
»ç³É°³ Canes Venatici ³²Âʿհü Corona Austrina
»ìÄéÀÌ Lynx µÀ Vela
»ï°¢Çü Triangulum µÎ·ç¹Ì Grus
¼¼Æä¿ì½º Cepheus ¸Á¿ø°æ Telescopium
¾Èµå·Î¸Þ´Ù Andromeda ¹°¹ì Hydrus
¿©¿ì Vulpecula ¹Ù´Ù¹ì Hydra
¿ë Draco ¹æÆÐ Scutum
ÀÛÀº°õ Ursa Minor ºÀȲ»õ Phoenix
ÀÛÀº»çÀÚ Leo Minor ºñµÑ±â Columba
Á¶¶û¸» Equuleus ¼¾Å¸¿ì·ç½º Centaurus
Ä«½Ã¿ÀÆäÀÌ¾Æ Cassiopeia ¼öÁرâ Norma
Å«°õ Ursa Major ½Ã°è Horologium
Æä°¡¼ö½º Pegasus ¿¡¸®´Ù´©½º °­ Eridanus
Æä¸£¼¼¿ì½º Perseus ¿À¸®¿Â Orion
Ç츣Äð·¹½º Hercules ¿Ü»Ô¼Ò Monoceros
È­»ì Sagitta ¿ë°ñ Carina
Áß¾Ó(Ȳµµ12±Ã) Zodiac À°ºÐÀÇ Sextans
°Ô Cancer À̸® Lupus
±Ã¼ö Sagittarius ÀÌÁ© Pictor
¹°°í±â Pisces ÀεµÀÎ Indus
¹°º´ Aquarius ÀÛÀº°³ Canis Minor
»çÀÚ Leo Á¦´Ü Ara
½ÖµÕÀÌ Gemini Á¶°¢µµ Caelum
¾ç Aries Á¶°¢½Ç Sculptor
¿°¼Ò Capricornus Ä«¸á·¹¿Â Chamaeleon
Àü°¥ Scorpius ÄÄÆÛ½º Circinus
ó³à Virgo ÄÅ Crater
õĪ Libra Å«°³ Canis Major
Ȳ¼Ò Taurus Å«ºÎ¸®»õ Tucana
¡¡ Å×À̺í»ê Mensa
¡¡ Åä³¢ Lepus
¡¡ ÆÄ¸® Musca
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Astrology

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astrology, type of divination that consists in interpreting the influence of planets and stars on earthly affairs in order to predict or affect the destinies of individuals, groups, or nations. At times regarded as a science, astrology has exerted an extensive or a peripheral influence in many civilizations, both ancient and modern. Astrology has also been defined as a pseudoscience and considered to be diametrically opposed to the theories and findings of modern science.

Astrology originated in Mesopotamia, perhaps in the 3rd millennium BC, but attained its full development in the Western world much later, within the orbit of Greek civilization of the Hellenistic period. It spread to India in its older Mesopotamian form. Islamic culture absorbed it as part of the Greek heritage; and in the Middle Ages, when western Europe was strongly affected by Islamic science, European astrology also felt the influence of the Orient.

The Egyptians also contributed, though less directly, to the rise of astrology. They constructed a calendar, containing 12 months of 30 days each with five days added at the end of the year, that was subsequently taken over by the Greeks as a standard of reference for astronomical observations. In order that the starry sky might serve them as a clock, the Egyptians selected a succession of 36 bright stars whose risings were separated from each other by intervals of 10 days. Each of these stars, called decans by Latin writers, was conceived of as a spirit with power over the period of time for which it served; they later entered the zodiac as subdivisions of its 12 signs. (see also Index: zodiac)

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In pre-Imperial China, the belief in an intelligible cosmic order, comprehended aspects of which would permit inferences on correlated uncomprehended aspects, found expression in correlation charts that juxtaposed natural phenomena with the activities and the fate of man. The transition from this belief to a truly astrological belief in the direct influence of the stars on human affairs was slow, and numerous systems of observation and strains of lore developed. When Western astronomy and astrology became known in China through Arabic influences in Mongol times, their data were also integrated into the Chinese astrological corpus. In the later centuries of Imperial China it was universal practice to have a horoscope cast for each newborn child and at all decisive junctures in life.

Once established in the Classical world, the astrological conception of causation invaded all the sciences, particularly medicine and its allied disciplines. The Stoics, espousing the doctrine of a universal "sympathy" linking the microcosm of man with the macrocosm of nature, found in astrology a virtual map of such a universe. (see also Index: Stoicism)

Greek astrology was slow to be absorbed by the Romans, who had their own native methods of divination, but by the time of Augustus, the art had resumed its original role as a royal prerogative. Attempts to stem its influence on the populace met repeatedly with failure.

Throughout pagan antiquity the words astronomy and astrology had been synonymous; in the first Christian centuries the modern distinction between astronomy, the science of stars, and astrology, the art of divination by the stars, began to appear. As against the omnipotence of the stars, Christianity taught the omnipotence of their Creator. To the determinism of astrology Christianity opposed the freedom of the will. But within these limits the astrological worldview was accepted. To reject it would have been to reject the whole heritage of classical culture, which had assumed an astrological complexion. Even at the centre of Christian history, Persian magi were reported to have followed a celestial omen to the scene of the Nativity.

Although various Christian councils condemned astrology, the belief in the worldview it implies was not seriously shaken. In the late European Middle Ages, a number of universities, among them Paris, Padua, Bologna, and Florence, had chairs of astrology. The revival of ancient studies by the humanists only encouraged this interest, which persisted into the Renaissance and even into the Reformation.

It was the Copernican revolution of the 16th century that dealt the geocentric worldview of astrology its shattering blow. As a popular pastime or superstition, however, astrology continued into modern times to engage the attention of millions of people, this interest being catered to in the 20th century by articles in the daily press, by special almanacs, and by astrology manuals.

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