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12±Ãµµ (ä¨ì£ÏàÓñ)
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horoscope, in astrology, a chart of the heavens, showing the
relative positions of the Sun, the Moon, the planets, and
the ascendant and midheaven signs of the zodiac at a
specific moment in time. A horoscope is used to provide
information about the present and to predict events to come.
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Á¡¼º¼ú¿¡¼
ƯÁ¤ ¼ø°£¿¡ žç(÷¼åÕ), ´Þ, Ç༺(ú¼àø), ±×¸®°í ÃâÇöÇϰųª Áßõ¿¡ ¶ß´Â Ȳµµ 12±Ã µîÀÇ »ó´ëÀûÀÎ
À§Ä¡¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ µµÇ¥. ÇöÀçÀÇ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°í ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ÀÏÀ» ¿¹°ßÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. |
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An individual horoscope usually plots
the moment of birth and is used by astrologers to analyze
character, as well as--in conjunction with other
astrological data--to predict the future. This is in
accordance with the belief that each celestial body has its
own mythological character, modified according to its
geometric relationship with the other celestial bodies at a
given moment. Everything in the universe being interrelated,
these bodies exert an influence, particularly on the
newborn. In casting a horoscope, the heavens are commonly
represented by a circle divided into 12 intersections,
called houses. Each of these houses is assigned several
departments of human life, such as wealth or marriage. The
planet that falls within a particular house is said to
influence matters pertaining to that house. |
12±ÃµµÀÇ °¢°¢Àº ÁַΠź»ý ½Ã±â¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¸ç, Á¡¼º¼ú°¡µéÀÌ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Á¡¼ºÇÐÀû ÀÚ·á¿Í
ÇÔ²² ¹Ì·¡¸¦ ¿¹ÃøÇϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº °¢°¢ÀÇ ÃµÃ¼(ô¸ô÷)°¡ ¹Ì½ÅÀûÀΠƯ¼ºÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÁÖ¾îÁø
¼ø°£¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ õü¿ÍÀÇ ±âÇÏÇÐÀû °ü°è¿¡ µû¶ó ´Þ¶óÁø´Ù´Â ¹ÏÀ½¿¡ µû¸¥´Ù. ¿ìÁÖ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ¼·Î °ü·ÃµÇ¾î
ÀÖ°í, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÃµÃ¼µéÀº ƯÈ÷ »õ·Î ÅÂ¾î³ ¾ÆÀ̵鿡°Ô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. 12±Ãµµ¸¦ ¹èÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§ ÇÏ´ÃÀº
±Ã(Ïà)À̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â 12°³ÀÇ ¿µ¿ªÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾îÁø ¿øÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöµÈ´Ù. °¢°¢ÀÇ ±ÃÀº
ºÎ(Ý£)¡¤°áÈ¥¡¤Àڽġ¤¿ìÁ¤¡¤°ø°øÁöÀ§¡¤¿ø¼ö¡¤Á×À½°ú °°Àº Àΰ£ »ýȰÀÇ ¿©·¯ ºÎºÐÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ±Ã ¾ÈÀ¸·Î
µé¾î°£ Ç༺Àº ±Ã°ú °ü·ÃµÈ »ç°Çµé¿¡ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÌµç ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÌµç ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä£´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. |
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±Ã(Ïà)
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house, in astrology, 1 of the
12 sectors, or divisions, of the celestial sphere. |
Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ õ±¸¸¦ ³ª´ ¶§ÀÇ 12¿µ¿ª °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª. |
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Ȳµµ´ë
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zodiac, in
astronomy and astrology, a belt around the heavens extending
9¡Æ on either side of the ecliptic, the plane of the earth's
orbit and of the sun's apparent annual path. The orbits of
the moon and of the principal planets (except Pluto) also
lie entirely within the zodiac. The 12 astrological signs of
the zodiac are each considered to occupy 1/12 (or 30¡Æ ) of
its great circle. These signs no longer correspond to the
astronomical constellations in which the sun actually
appears. The constellations are irregular in size and shape,
and the sun regularly passes through one constellation (Ophiuchus)
that is not considered a member of the zodiac. |
ȲµµÀÇ ¾çÂÊ
9¡Æ ³ÐÀÌ·Î ÇÏ´ÃÀ» µÎ¸£´Â ¶ì. ¸í¿Õ¼ºÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ´Þ°ú ÁÖ¿äÇ༺µéÀÇ ±Ëµµ´Â ¸ðµÎ Ȳµµ´ë ¾È¿¡ ³õ¿© ÀÖ´Ù.
Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀº °¢°¢ Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ 1/12(30¡Æ)À» Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ È²µµ 12±ÃµéÀº žçÀÌ
½ÇÁ¦·Î Áö³ª°¡´Â õ¹®ÇÐÀû º°ÀÚ¸®µé°ú ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀÇ Å©±â¿Í ¸ð¾çÀº ºÒ±ÔÄ¢Çϸç, ž絵 Ȳµµ
12±ÃÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ¹ìÁÖÀÎÀÚ¸®¸¦ ±ÔÄ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Åë°úÇÑ´Ù. |
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Because most of
the constellations through which the ecliptic passes
represent animals, the ancient Greeks called its zone
zodiakos kyklos, "circle of animals," or ta zodia, "the
little animals." The size and number of zodiacal
constellations varied in antiquity and became fixed only
with the development of mathematical astronomy. The list
below gives the constellations of the zodiac, with the dates
of the sun's passage through them in the era when their
boundaries were fixed. These dates are still used for the
astrological signs, though precession of the equinoxes has
shifted the constellations eastward; e.g., on January 1 the
direction of the sun is now in Sagittarius instead of
Capricornus. The history of the symbols is unknown; they
seem to appear first in Greek manuscripts of the late Middle
Ages. |
Ȳµµ°¡ Åë°úÇÏ´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀº µ¿¹°À» ³ªÅ¸³»±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °í´ë ±×¸®½ºÀεéÀº ÀÌ ¿µ¿ªÀ» 'µ¿¹°µéÀÇ
¿ø'(zdiakos kyklos) ¶Ç´Â 'ÀÛÀº µ¿¹°µé'(ta zodia)À̶ó°í ºÒ·¶´Ù. °í´ë¿¡´Â Ȳµµ´ë
º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀÇ Å©±â¿Í °³¼ö°¡ ´Ù¾çÇßÁö¸¸ ¼ö¸®Ãµ¹®ÇÐÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀ¸·Î Á¤ÂøÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ¸ñ·ÏÀº Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ º°ÀÚ¸®µé°ú
º°ÀÚ¸®µé »çÀÌÀÇ °æ°è°¡ °íÁ¤µÈ °æ¿ì, žçÀÌ ±×°ÍµéÀ» Åë°úÇÏ´Â ±â°£À» ³ªÅ¸³Â´Ù. ÃáºÐÁ¡ÀÇ ¼¼Â÷¿îµ¿ ¶§¹®¿¡
º°ÀÚ¸®µéÀÌ µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î ÆíÇâµÇ±â´Â ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³¯Â¥µéÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¾²À̰í ÀÖ´Ù. 12±ÃÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ±âÈ£µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
¿ª»ç´Â ¾Ë·ÁÁöÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¾Æ¸¶µµ Áß¼¼ ÈĹݿ¡ ±×¸®½ºÀÇ Çʻ纻¿¡¼ óÀ½À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ. BC
3¼¼±â¿¡´Â Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ °³³äÀÌ ÀÌÁýÆ®±îÁö ÀüÇØÁ®¼, õ±¸ÀÇ µ¿ÂÊ¿¡¼ ¼ÂÊÀ¸·Î °ÅÀÇ °°Àº °£°ÝÀ» µÎ°í À§Ä¡ÇÑ
36°³ÀÇ ¹àÀº º°À̳ª Ç×¼ºÃ³·³ º¸ÀÌ´Â °Íµé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø µ¥Ä(decan)À̶ó´Â ü°è¿Í È¥ÇյǾú´Ù. ÀÌ °¢°¢ÀÇ
µ¥ÄÀº 1³â Áß ¾à 10ÀÏ µ¿¾È¾¿ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°Å³ª °¢ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÏ´Â ½ÅÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. °¢°¢ÀÇ µ¥ÄÀº
Á¤È®È÷ °¢°¢ÀÇ È²µµ 12±ÃÀÇ 1/3¾¿À» ÀǹÌÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. |
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{Aries} Aries
(Ram): March 21-April 19
{Taurus} Taurus
(Bull): April 20-May 20
{Gemini} Gemini
(Twins): May 21-June 21
{Cancer} Cancer
(Crab): June 22-July 22
{Leo} Leo
(Lion): July 23-Aug. 22
{Virgo} Virgo
(Virgin): Aug. 23-Sept. 22
{Libra} Libra
(Balance): Sept. 23-Oct. 23
{Scorpio}
Scorpius (Scorpion): Oct. 24-Nov. 21
{Sagittarius}
Sagittarius (Archer): Nov. 22-Dec. 21
{Capricorn}
Capricornus (Goat): Dec. 22-Jan. 19
{Aquarius}
Aquarius (Water Bearer): Jan. 20-Feb. 18
{Pisces} Pisces
(Fish): Feb. 19-March 20

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Ȳµµ (üÜÔ³)
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ecliptic, in astronomy, the great circle that is the
apparent path of the Sun among the constellations in the
course of a year; from another viewpoint, the projection on
the celestial sphere of the orbit of the Earth around the
Sun. The constellations of the zodiac are arranged along the
ecliptic. The ecliptic is inclined about 23 1/25 to the
plane of the celestial equator; the two points of
intersection of the ecliptic and the plane mark the vernal
and autumnal equinoxes. |
1³â µ¿¾È º°ÀÚ¸® »çÀ̸¦ ¿òÁ÷À̴ žçÀÇ °Ñº¸±â °æ·Î. ´Ù¸¥ °üÁ¡¿¡¼ º¸¸é, žç ÁÖÀ§¸¦ µµ´Â Áö±¸ÀÇ ±Ëµµ°¡
õ±¸¿¡ Åõ¿µµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀº Ȳµµ¸¦ µû¶ó¼ Á¤·ÄµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Ȳµµ´Â õ±¸Àûµµ¸é¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾à 23.5¡Æ
±â¿ï¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Ȳµµ¿Í Àûµµ¸éÀÇ µÎ ±³Â÷Á¡À» ÃáºÐÁ¡°ú ÃߺÐÁ¡À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. |
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In the ecliptic system of astronomical coordinates,
celestial longitude is measured in degrees east from the
vernal equinox along the ecliptic. Celestial latitude is
measured in degrees north (positive) or south (negative)
from the ecliptic to the ecliptic poles. Each ecliptic pole
is 23 1/25 from the corresponding celestial pole.
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õ¹®ÁÂÇ¥°è Áß ÇϳªÀΠȲµµÁÂÇ¥°è¿¡¼´Â Ȳ°æÀ» ÃáºÐÁ¡À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ È²µµ¸¦ µû¶ó¼ µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î °¢µµ ´ÜÀ§·Î Àç°í, ȲÀ§´Â
ȲµµÀÇ Áö¸§À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÏÂÊ(£«°ª) ¶Ç´Â ³²ÂÊ(£°ª)À¸·Î °¢µµ ´ÜÀ§·Î Àé´Ù. Ȳ±ØÀº õ±¸ÀÇ ±Ø°ú 23.5¡Æ
±â¿ï¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ¡¡ |
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Aries (Latin: "Ram"), in astronomy,
zodiacal constellation lying between Pisces and Taurus, at
about 3 hours right ascension (the coordinate on the
celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and
20¡Æ north declination (angular distance from the celestial
equator).
Aries contains no very bright
stars. The first point of Aries, or vernal equinox, is an
intersection of the celestial equator with the apparent
annual pathway of the Sun and the point in the sky from
which celestial longitude and right ascension are measured.
It no longer lies in Aries but has been moved into Pisces by
the precession of the equinoxes.
In astrology, Aries is the first
sign of the zodiac, considered as governing the period c.
March 21-c. April 19. Its representation as a ram is
identified with the Egyptian god Amon and, in Greek
mythology, with the ram with the golden fleece, on the back
of which Phrixus, the son of King Athamas, safely fled
Thessaly to Colchis, where he sacrificed the ram to Zeus,
who placed it in the heavens as the constellation. The ram's
golden fleece was recovered by Jason, leader of the
Argonauts. |
Ȳµµ 12±Ã º°ÀÚ¸® Áß Çϳª.
¹°°í±âÀÚ¸®¿Í Ȳ¼ÒÀÚ¸® »çÀÌ¿¡
ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Àû°æÀÌ 3½Ã, ºÏÀûÀ§(¡æ ÀûÀ§)°¡ 20¡ÆÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®¿¡´Â ¹àÀº º°ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ¾çÀÚ¸®ÀÇ Ã¹Â°Á¡ ¶Ç´Â
ÃáºÐÁ¡Àº žçÀÇ ¿¬Áß °Ñº¸±â°æ·Î(Ȳµµ)¿Í õ±¸ÀûµµÀÇ ±³Â÷Á¡À̸ç, ÀÌ Á¡À» ±âÁØÀ¸·Î Àû°æ°ú Ȳ°æÀ» ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
ºÐÁ¡¼¼Â÷¿îµ¿¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÇöÀçÀÇ ÃáºÐÁ¡Àº ¾çÀÚ¸®¿¡ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í ¹°°í±âÀÚ¸®·Î À̵¿Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼´Â Ȳµµ
12±ÃÀÇ Ã¹¹øÂ° º°ÀÚ¸®·Î¼ 3¿ù 21Àϰæ~4¿ù 19ÀϰæÀ» °üÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¾çÀ̶ó´Â Ç¥ÇöÀº ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ ½Å ¾Æ¸à°ú °°ÀÌ
¿©°ÜÁö¸ç, ±×¸®½º ½ÅÈ¿¡¼´Â Ȳ±ÝÅÐÀ» °¡Áø ¾çÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. ¾ÆÅ¸¸¶½º ¿ÕÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÎ ÇÁ¸¯¼Ò½º´Â ÀÌ ¾çÀ» Ÿ°í
Å׻츮¾Æ¿¡¼ ÄÝŰ½º·Î ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°Ô ´Þ¾Æ³ª¼ ÀÌ ¾çÀ» Á¦¿ì½º¿¡°Ô ºÀÇåÇß´Ù. Á¦¿ì½º´Â ÀÌ ¾çÀ» Çϴÿ¡ º°ÀÚ¸®·Î
¸¸µé¾ú°í ¾çÀÇ È²±ÝÅÐÀº ¾Æ¸£°í¼±(àÏ)ÀÇ ÁöµµÀÚÀÎ À̾ƼÕÀÌ µÇã¾Ò´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.
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Ȳ¼ÒÀÚ¸®
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in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Aries and
Gemini, at about 4 hours 20 minutes right ascension (the
coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on
the Earth) and 16¡Æ north declination (angular distance north
of the celestial equator). The constellation's brightest
star, Aldebaran (Alpha Tauri), is of the first magnitude.
The constellation also contains the Crab Nebula (M1) and the
Pleiades and Hyades star clusters.
In
astrology, Taurus is the second sign of the zodiac,
considered as governing that portion of the year from about
April 20 to May 20. Its representation as a bull is related
to the Greek myth of Zeus, who assumed the form of a bull to
abduct Europa. |
¾çÀÚ¸®¿Í ½ÖµÕÀÌÀÚ¸® »çÀÌ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ È²µµ´ë(üÜÔ³Óá)ÀÇ º°ÀÚ¸®.Àû°æ ¾à 4½Ã 20ºÐ, ºÏÀûÀ§ 16¡ÆÀÌ´Ù.
Ȳ¼ÒÀÚ¸®¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¹àÀº º°ÀÎ ¾Ëµ¥¹Ù¶õ(¥á Ÿ¿ì¸®)Àº 1µî¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®¿¡´Â °Ô¼º¿î(M1), Ç÷¹À̾Ƶ¥½º
¼º´Ü, È÷¾ßµ¥½º ¼º´ÜÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ°í, Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ Ȳµµ 12±Ã(Ïà)ÀÇ 2¹øÂ° º°ÀÚ¸®À̸ç, 4¿ù 20ÀϺÎÅÍ
5¿ù 20ÀϱîÁö Áö¹èÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®´Â ±×¸®½º ½ÅÈ¿¡¼ ¿¡¿ì·ÎÆÄ¸¦ ³³Ä¡Çϱâ À§ÇØ È²¼Ò·Î º¯ÇÑ
Á¦¿ì½º¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¡¡ |
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½ÖµÕÀÌÀÚ¸®
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(Latin: "Twins"), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying
between Cancer and Taurus, at about 7 hours right ascension
(the coordinate of the celestial sphere analogous to
longitude on the Earth) and 22¡Æ north declination (angular
distance north of the celestial equator). Its brightest
stars are Castor and Pollux (Alpha and Beta Geminorum),
Pollux being the brighter of the two. The summer solstice,
the northernmost point reached by the Sun in its annual
apparent journey among the stars, lies in Gemini.
In
astrology, Gemini is the third sign of the zodiac,
considered as governing the period c. May 21-c. June 21. It
is represented by a set of twins (in Egyptian astrology by a
pair of goats and in Arabian astrology by a pair of
peacocks). In addition to their identification as Castor and
Pollux, the twins have also been related to other celebrated
pairs, such as the younger and older Horus, or Romulus and
Remus. |
Ȳ¼ÒÀÚ¸®¿Í °ÔÀÚ¸® »çÀÌ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ È²µµ12±ÃÀÇ º°ÀÚ¸®.
Àû°æ(Áö±¸ÀÇ °æµµ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â
õ±¸ÁÂÇ¥)ÀÌ ¾à 7½ÃÀ̸ç, ºÏÀûÀ§(õ±¸ Àûµµ¿¡¼ ºÏÂÊÀ¸·Î Àé °¢°Å¸®)°¡ 22¡ÆÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¹àÀº
º°Àº Ä«½ºÅ丣(½ÖµÕÀÌÀÚ¸® ¥áº°)¿Í Æú·è½º(½ÖµÕÀÌÀÚ¸® ¥âº°)À̸ç, ±×Áß Æú·è½º°¡ ´õ ¹à´Ù. žçÀÇ ¿¬Áß
°Ñº¸±â°æ·ÎÀÇ ºÏÂÊ ³¡ÀÎ ÇÏÁöÁ¡Àº ½ÖµÕÀÌÀÚ¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ ½ÖµÕÀÌÀÚ¸®´Â Ȳµµ12±Ã °¡¿îµ¥ 3¹øÂ°
Ç¥Áö·Î¼, 5¿ù 21ÀϰæºÎÅÍ 6¿ù 21Àϰæ±îÁöÀÇ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÑ´Ù. ½ÖµÕÀ̷ΠǥÇöµÇ´Â ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®´Â ÀÌÁýÆ®
Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼´Â 1½ÖÀÇ ¿°¼Ò·Î, ¾Æ¶ø Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼´Â 1½ÖÀÇ °øÀÛÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöµÈ´Ù. Ä«½ºÅ丣¿Í Æú·è½º·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÁö¸¸,
È£·ç½º ÇüÁ¦³ª ·Î¹°·ç½º¿Í ·¹¹«½º¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù.
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Cancer (Latin: Crab), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation
lying between Leo and Gemini at about 8 hours 25 minutes
right ascension (the coordinate of the celestial sphere
analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 20¡Æ north
declination (angular distance north of the celestial
equator). It contains the well-known star cluster called
Praesepe or the Beehive.
In
astrology, Cancer is the fourth sign of the zodiac,
considered as governing the period c. June 22-c. July 22.
Its representation as a crab (or lobster or crayfish) is
related to the crab in Greek mythology that pinched Heracles
while he was fighting the Lernaean hydra. Crushed by
Heracles, the crab was rewarded by Heracles' enemy, Hera, by
being placed in the heavens. |
»çÀÚÀÚ¸®¿Í ½ÖµÕÀÌÀÚ¸® »çÀÌ¿¡ Àִ Ȳµµ 12±Ã °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª. Àû°æ(îåÌ裺Áö±¸ÀÇ °æµµ¿Í À¯»çÇÑ Ãµ±¸ ÁÂÇ¥)
8½Ã 25ºÐ, ºÏÀûÀ§(ÝÁîåêÕ£ºÃµ±¸ Àûµµ¿¡¼ ºÏÂÊÀ¸·Î Àé °¢°Å¸®) 20¡Æ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁø ÇÁ·¹¼¼Æä ¶Ç´Â
¹úÁýÀ̶ó´Â ¼º´ÜÀÌ ¿©±â¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼´Â Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀÇ
Á¦4Ç¥Áö·Î¼, 6¿ù 22ÀϰæºÎÅÍ 7¿ù 22Àϰæ±îÁöÀÇ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®°¡ °Ô(¶Ç´Â »õ¿ì³ª °¡Àç)·Î
À̸§Áö¾îÁø °ÍÀº ·¹¸£³ª¿¡ »ì´ø ¹Ù´Ù¹ì°ú ½Î¿ì´ø Çì¶óŬ·¹½º¸¦ ±ú¹°¾ú´Ù´Â ±×¸®½º ½ÅÈ ¼ÓÀÇ °Ô¿Í °ü°è°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
Çì¶óŬ·¹½º¿¡°Ô ¹âÇô Á×Àº °Ô´Â Çì¶óŬ·¹½ºÀÇ ÀûÀÎ Çì¶ó¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Çϴÿ¡ ¹èÄ¡µÇ´Â º¸»óÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù´Â °Í¿¡¼
ºñ·ÔÇß´Ù. |
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»çÀÚÀÚ¸®(Þâí
¦¡¦¡)
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(Latin: Lion), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying
between Cancer and Virgo, at about 10 hours 30 minutes right
ascension (the coordinate of the celestial sphere analogous
to longitude on the Earth) and 15¡Æ north declination
(angular distance north of the celestial equator). Regulus
(Alpha Leonis), the brightest star, is of the first
magnitude. The November meteor shower called the Leonid has
its radiant, or point of apparent origin, in Leo. (see also
Index: Leonid meteor shower)
In
astrology, Leo is the fifth sign of the zodiac, considered
as governing the period c. July 23-c. August 22. Its
representation as a lion is usually linked with the Nemean
lion slain by Heracles (Hercules). |
°ÔÀÚ¸®¿Í ó³àÀÚ¸® »çÀÌ¿¡ Àִ Ȳµµ 12±Ã º°ÀÚ¸® ÁßÀÇ Çϳª.
Àû°æ(Áö±¸ÀÇ °æµµ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â
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¹àÀº º°ÀÎ ·¹±¼·ç½º(»çÀÚÀÚ¸® ¥á º°)ÀÇ °Ñº¸±âµî±ÞÀº 1µî±ÞÀÌ´Ù. »çÀÚÀÚ¸® À¯¼º¿ì(×µàøéë)¶ó°í ÇÏ´Â 11¿ùÀÇ
À¯¼º¿ì´Â °Ñº¸±â ¿øÁ¡ÀÎ º¹»çÁ¡ÀÌ »çÀÚÀÚ¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ »çÀÚÀÚ¸®´Â Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀÇ 4¹øÂ° º°ÀÚ¸®·Î¼,
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Virgo, in
astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Leo and
Libra, at about 13 hours right ascension (the coordinate on
the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth)
and 2¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the
celestial equator). The constellation's brightest star,
Spica (Alpha Virginis), is of the first magnitude.
In
astrology, Virgo is the sixth sign of the zodiac, considered
as governing the period from about August 23 to about
September 22. It is represented as a young maiden carrying a
sheaf of wheat. She is variously identified as a fertility
goddess (the Babylonian and Assyrian Ishtar, among others)
or the harvest maiden (the Greek Persephone and others).
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Àû°æ
13½Ã, ³²ÀûÀ§ 2¡ÆÀÌ´Ù. °¡Àå ¹àÀº º°ÀÎ ½ºÇÇÄ«(ó³àÀÚ¸® ¾ËÆÄº°)´Â 1µî¼ºÀÌ´Ù. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ ó³àÀÚ¸®´Â Ȳµµ
12±ÃÀÇ 6¹øÂ°À̸ç 8¿ù 23ÀϰæºÎÅÍ 9¿ù 22Àϰæ±îÁöÀÇ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®´Â
1´ÜÀÇ ¹ÐÀ» ¿î¹ÝÇÏ´Â ÀþÀº ó³à·Î Ç¥ÇöµÈ´Ù. ±×³à´Â ¹Ùºô·Î´Ï¾Æ¡¤¾Æ½Ã¸®¾Æ¡¤À̽´Å¸ µîÀÇ Áö¿ª¿¡¼´Â dz¿äÀÇ ¿©½Å,
±×¸®½ºÀÇ Æä¸£¼¼Æ÷³× µî¿¡¼´Â Ãß¼öÀÇ ¿©½ÅÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÈ´Ù. |
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Libra (Latin: "Balance"), in astronomy, zodiacal
constellation lying between Scorpius and Virgo, at about 15
hours 30 minutes right ascension (the coordinate on the
celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and
15¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the
celestial equator). Its stars are faint.
In
astrology, Libra is the seventh sign of the zodiac,
considered as governing the period from about September 22
to October 23. It is represented by a woman (sometimes
identified with Astraea, the Roman goddess of justice),
holding a balance scale or by the balance alone.
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Ȳµµ 12±Ã Áß Àü°¥ÀÚ¸®¿Í ó³àÀÚ¸® »çÀÌ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ º°ÀÚ¸®. Àû°æÀº ¾à 15½Ã30ºÐÀÌ°í ³²ÀûÀ§´Â 15¡ÆÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®ÀÇ º°µéÀº ¸Å¿ì Èñ¹ÌÇÏ´Ù. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ Ȳµµ 12±Ã Áß¿¡¼ 7¹øÂ° º°ÀÚ¸®·Î¼ 9¿ù 22ÀϰæºÎÅÍ 10¿ù
23Àϰæ±îÁöÀÇ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©±ä´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®´Â õĪÀ» µé°í ¼ ÀÖ´Â ¿©ÀÎÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ̳ª õΏ¸À¸·Î
¹¦»çµÇ´Âµ¥, ¶§¶§·Î ÀÌ ¿©ÀÎÀº ·Î¸¶ ½ÅÈ¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â Á¤ÀÇÀÇ ¿©½Å ¾Æ½ºÆ®¶ó¿¡¾Æ·Î ¿©°ÜÁö±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¡¡ |
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(Latin: "Scorpion"), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation
lying between Libra and Sagittarius, at about 16 hours 30
minutes right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial
sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 30¡Æ south
declination (angular distance south of the celestial
equator). Antares (Alpha Scorpii), the brightest star, is of
the first magnitude.
In
astrology, Scorpius (or Scorpio) is the eighth sign of the
zodiac, considered as governing the period from about
October 24 to about November 21. Its representation as a
scorpion is related to the Greek legend of the scorpion that
stung Orion to death (said to be why Orion sets as Scorpius
rises in the sky). Another Greek myth relates that a
scorpion caused the horses of the Sun to bolt when they were
being driven for a day by the inexperienced youth Phaeton.
(see also Index: Phaethon) |
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º°ÀÚ¸®.
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10¿ù 24Àϰ濡¼ 11¿ù 21Àϰæ±îÁöÀÇ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Àü°¥·Î ³ªÅ¸³½ °ÍÀº
µ¶Ä§À¸·Î ¿À¸®¿ÂÀ» ½î¾Æ Á׿´´Ù´Â ±×¸®½ºÀÇ Àü¼³°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Çϴÿ¡¼ Àü°¥ÀÚ¸®°¡ ¶°¿À¸¦ ¶§ ¿À¸®¿Â ÀÚ¸®°¡
Áö´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î ¼³¸íÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. ¶Ç´Ù¸¥ ±×¸®½º ½ÅÈ¿¡¼´Â Àþ°í °æÇè ¾ø´Â ÆÄÀÌÅæÀÌ Å¾ç½ÅÀÇ ¸»µéÀ» ¸ô ¶§
¸»µéÀÌ ³¯¶Ùµµ·Ï ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ Àü°¥À̶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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Sagittarius (Latin: "Archer"), in astronomy, zodiacal
constellation lying between Capricornus and Scorpius, at
about 19 hours right ascension (the coordinate on the
celestial sphere analogous to longitude on the Earth) and
25¡Æ south declination (angular distance south of the
celestial equator). The centre of the Milky Way Galaxy lies
in Sagittarius, with the densest star clouds of the galaxy.
Near the western border of Sagittarius is the winter
solstice, the southernmost point reached by the Sun in its
apparent annual journey among the stars.
In
astrology, Sagittarius is the ninth sign of the zodiac,
considered as governing the period from about November 22 to
about December 21. It is represented either by a centaur
shooting a bow and arrow or by an arrow drawn across a bow.
The identification of Sagittarius as a mounted archer was
made by the Babylonians as early as the 11th century BC.
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¶§ ´ê´Â °¡Àå ³²ÂÊ ÁöÁ¡ÀÌ´Ù. ±Ã¼öÀÚ¸®¿¡´Â ¶ÇÇÑ »ï¿±¼º¿î(ß²ç¨àøê£ M20), ¼®È£¼º¿î(à³ûÉàøê£ M8),
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Capricornus - (Latin: Goat-horned), also called THE GOAT, in
astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying between Aquarius and
Sagittarius, at about 21 hours right ascension (the
coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to longitude on
the Earth) and 20¡Æ south declination (angular distance south
of the celestial equator). Its stars are faint.
In
astrology, Capricornus (also Capricorn) is the 10th sign of
the zodiac, considered as governing the period c. December
22-c. January 19. One explanation of the fishtail with which
the goat is often represented is found in the Greek myth of
Pan, who, to avoid the monster Typhon, jumped into the water
just as he was changing into animal shape. The half above
water assumed the shape of a goat while the lower half, the
tail, assumed the shape of a fish. |
¹°º´ÀÚ¸®¿Í ±Ã¼öÀÚ¸® »çÀÌ¿¡ Àִ Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ º°ÀÚ¸®.
Àû°æ ¾à 21½Ã, ³²ÀûÀ§(õ±¸
Àûµµ¿¡¼ ³²ÂÊÀ¸·ÎÀÇ °¢°Å¸®) 20¡Æ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®ÀÇ º°µéÀº ¾îµÓ´Ù. Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ ¿°¼ÒÀÚ¸®´Â Ȳµµ12±ÃÀÇ
10¹øÂ° ±ÃÀ¸·Î 12¿ù 22Àϰ濡¼ ´ÙÀ½ÇØ 1¿ù 19Àϰæ±îÁöÀÇ ±â°£À» °üÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ¿°¼Ò¿¡ ´Þ¸°
°ÍÀ¸·Î Á¾Á¾ ¹¦»çµÇ´Â ¹°°í±â ²¿¸®¿¡ °üÇÑ ¼³¸íÀº ±«¹° ƼÆùÀ» ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ µ¿¹° ¸ð½ÀÀ¸·Î º¯ÇØ ¹°·Î ¶Ù¾îµç ÆÇ
½Å¿¡ °üÇÑ ±×¸®½º ½ÅÈ¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù. ¹° À§¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹ÝÀº ¿°¼Ò ¸ð¾çÀÌ°í ¹° ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ³ª¸ÓÁö ¹Ý°ú ²¿¸®´Â
¹°°í±â ¸ð¾çÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù.
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(Latin: Water Bearer), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation
lying between Capricornus and Pisces, at about 23 hours
right ascension (the coordinate on the celestial sphere
analogous to longitude on the Earth) and 10¡Æ south
declination (angular distance south of the celestial
equator). It lacks striking features, the brightest stars
being only of the third magnitude.
In
astrology, Aquarius is the 11th sign of the zodiac,
considered as governing the period c. January 20-c. February
18. Its representation as a man pouring a stream of water
out of a jug came about, it has been suggested, because in
ancient times the rising of Aquarius coincided in the Middle
East with a period of floods and rain. In the conceptual
scheme of the "Great Year"--the more than 25,000 years it
takes the Earth to pass in turn through the influence of
each of the signs of the zodiac--the Earth is said to have
passed into the age of Aquarius early in the 19th century.
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10¡ÆÀÌ´Ù. µÎµå·¯Áø Ư¡Àº ¾ø°í, °¡Àå ¹àÀº º°µµ 3µî±Þ¹Û¿¡ ¾È µÈ´Ù.
Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ ¹°º´ÀÚ¸®´Â
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¹°À» ½ñ´Â »ç¶÷'À¸·Î Ç¥ÇöµÈ ÀÌÀ¯´Â °í´ë¿¡ ¹°º´ÀÚ¸®°¡ ¶ß´Â ½Ã±â¿Í Áßµ¿¿¡ ºñ°¡ ³»·Á È«¼ö°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ½Ã±â°¡
ÀÏÄ¡Ç߱⠶§¹®À̶ó ÇÑ´Ù. Áö±¸°¡ Ȳµµ 12±ÃÀÇ ¿µÇâ±ÇÀ» Â÷·Ê·Î Áö³ª´Â µ¥ 2¸¸ 5,000³âÀÌ °É¸°´Ù´Â 'ÇöóÅæ³â'(Great
year)ÀÇ °³³äü°è·Î º¼ ¶§ Áö±¸´Â 19¼¼±âÃÊ¿¡ ¹°º´ÀÚ¸® ½Ã±â¿¡ µé¾î¼¹´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. |
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(Latin: Fishes), in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying
between Aries and Aquarius, at about 1 hour right ascension
(the coordinate on the celestial sphere analogous to
longitude on the Earth) and 15¡Æ north declination (angular
distance north of the celestial equator). The vernal
equinox, the point where the Sun's annual apparent path
takes it north of the celestial equator and from which
celestial longitude and right ascension are measured, lies
now in Pisces. The constellation contains only faint stars
without any striking grouping.
In
astrology, Pisces is the 12th sign of the zodiac, considered
as governing the period c. February 19-c. March 20. Its
representation as two fish tied together is usually related
to the Greek myth of Aphrodite and Eros, who jumped into the
river to escape the monster Typhon and changed into fish,
or, alternatively, the two fish that carried them to safety.
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Àû°æ(îåÌ裺Áö±¸ÀÇ °æµµ¿¡
ÇØ´çÇϴ õ±¸ÀÇ ÁÂÇ¥)ÀÌ ¾à 1½ÃÀ̰í, ºÏÀûÀ§(ÝÁîåêÕ£ºÃµ±¸Àûµµ¿¡¼ ºÏÂÊÀ¸·Î Àé °¢°Å¸®)´Â 15¡ÆÀÌ´Ù. žçÀÇ
¿¬Áß °Ñº¸±â °æ·Î°¡ õ±¸ÀÇ Àûµµ¸¦ ³Ñ¾î ºÏÂÊÀ» ÇâÇÏ´Â Á¡°ú Ȳ°æ(üÜÌè)°ú Àû°æÀ» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ±âÁØÁ¡ÀÎ
ÃáºÐÁ¡(õðÝÂïÇ)Àº ¿À´Ã³¯ ¹°°í±âÀÚ¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ º°ÀÚ¸®´Â ¾îµÎ¿î º°µé¸¸ ÀÖ¾î º°ÀÇ ¹èÄ¡°¡ ´«¿¡ ¶çÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
Á¡¼ºÇп¡¼ ¹°°í±âÀÚ¸®´Â
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ÀÖ´Â 2¸¶¸®ÀÇ ¹°°í±â'¶ó´Â Ç¥ÇöÀº ¾ÆÇÁ·ÎµðÅ×¿Í ¿¡·Î½º°¡ ƼÆùÀ̶ó´Â ±«¹°À» ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ °À¸·Î ¶Ù¾îµé¾úÀ» ¶§
À̵éÀÌ ¹°°í±â·Î º¯Çß´Ù´Â, ȤÀº 2¸¶¸®ÀÇ ¹°°í±â°¡ À̵éÀ» ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°Ô Å¿öÁÖ¾ú´Ù´Â ±×¸®½º ½ÅÈ¿Í °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ
º°ÀÚ¸®µé
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The Mesopotamian arrangement of
constellations has survived to the present day because it
became the basis of a numerical reference scheme--the
ecliptic, or zodiacal, system. This occurred around 450 BC,
when the ecliptic was clearly recognized and divided into 12
equal signs of the zodiac. Most modern scholars take the
zodiac as a Babylonian invention; the oldest record of the
zodiacal signs as such is a cuneiform horoscope from 419 BC.
However, as Greek sources attribute the discovery of the
ecliptic to Oenopides in the latter part of the 5th century
BC, a parallel development in both Greece and Babylon should
not be excluded.
At the time the zodiac was
established, it was probably necessary to invent at least
one new constellation, Libra. Centuries later Ptolemy's
Almagest still described the stars of Libra with respect to
the ancient figure of the scorpion. |
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À¯ÁöµÇ¾ú´Ù, ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÀÌ´Â - Ȳµµ ¶Ç´Â Ȳµµ´ë ü°è¿¡¼ - ¼öÄ¡ Âü°í ü°èÀÇ ±Ù°£ÀÌ µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í
°°Àº »óȲÀº ±â¿øÀü 450³â °æ, Ȳµµ°¡ Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ 12 °¡Áö ±ÕµîÇÑ ±âÈ£µé·Î ¸í¹éÈ÷ ÀÎÁ¤µÇ°í ºÐÇҵǾúÀ» ¶§
ÀϾ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Çö´ë ÇÐÀÚµéÀº Ȳµµ´ë¸¦ ¹Ùºô·Î´Ï¾ÆÀÎ µéÀÇ Ã¢ÀÛÀ̶ó°í ¿©±ä´Ù; Ȳµµ´ëÀÇ ±âÈ£¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¡Àå
¿À·£ ±â·ÏÀº ±â¿øÀü 419³âÀÇ ½û±â ¹®ÀÚ·Î µÈ ½ÊÀ̱õµ(horoscope)ÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, Ȳµµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ß°ß¿¡
ÀÖ¾î¼ ±×¸®½º °èÅëÀÇ ÀÚ·áµéÀº ±â¿øÀü 5 ¼¼±â ÈĹÝÀÇ ¿À´ÏÇǵ¥½º¸¦ ¾ð±ÞÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ±×¸®½º¿Í ¹Ùºô·Î´Ï¾ÆÀÇ
¼öÆòÀû ¹ßÀü ¿ª½Ã ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. Ȳµµ´ë°¡ È®¸³µÉ
ÁîÀ½¿¡, Àû¾îµµ ÇѰ¡Áö »õ·Î¿î º°ÀÚ¸®, Áï õĪ(Libra)ÀÚ¸®¸¦ â¾ÈÇØ ³¾ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸î¼¼±â
µÚ¿¡ ÇÁÅç·¹¹Ì¿ì½º´Â õâÁÂÀÇ º°µé¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ °í´ëÀÇ Àü°¥ÀÚ¸®ÀÇ ±¸¼º°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¼³¸íÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. |
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ºÏ¹Ý±¸ Northern Hemisphere |
³²¹Ý±¸ / Southern Hemisphere |
| °Å¹®°í
Lyra |
°í·¡
Cetus |
| ±â¸°
Camelopardalis |
°í¹°
Puppis |
| µµ¸¶¹ì
Lacerta |
°ø±âÆßÇÁ
Antlia |
| µ¶¼ö¸®
Aquila |
°øÀÛ
Pavo |
| µ¹°í·¡
Delphinus |
±×¹°
Reticulum |
| ¸¶Â÷ºÎ
Auriga |
±Ø¶ôÁ¶
Apus |
| ¸Ó¸®ÅÐ
Coma Berenices |
±î¸¶±Í
Corvus |
¸ñÀÚ Bo es |
³ªÄ§¹Ý
Pyxis |
| ¹éÁ¶
Cygnus |
³¯Ä¡
Volans |
| ¹ì
Serpens |
³²½ÊÀÚ
Crux |
| ¹ìÁÖÀÎ
Ophiuchus |
³²Âʹ°°í±â
Pisces Austrinus |
| ºÏÂʿհü
Corona Borealis |
³²ÂʻﰢÇü
Triangulum Australe |
| »ç³É°³
Canes Venatici |
³²Âʿհü
Corona Austrina |
| »ìÄéÀÌ
Lynx |
µÀ
Vela |
| »ï°¢Çü
Triangulum |
µÎ·ç¹Ì
Grus |
| ¼¼Æä¿ì½º
Cepheus |
¸Á¿ø°æ
Telescopium |
| ¾Èµå·Î¸Þ´Ù
Andromeda |
¹°¹ì
Hydrus |
| ¿©¿ì
Vulpecula |
¹Ù´Ù¹ì
Hydra |
| ¿ë
Draco |
¹æÆÐ
Scutum |
| ÀÛÀº°õ
Ursa Minor |
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Phoenix |
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Leo Minor |
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Columba |
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Equuleus |
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Centaurus |
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Norma |
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Ursa Major |
½Ã°è
Horologium |
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Pegasus |
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Perseus |
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Orion |
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Hercules |
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Monoceros |
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Sagitta |
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Carina |
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Áß¾Ó(Ȳµµ12±Ã) Zodiac |
À°ºÐÀÇ
Sextans |
| °Ô
Cancer |
À̸®
Lupus |
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Sagittarius |
ÀÌÁ©
Pictor |
| ¹°°í±â
Pisces |
ÀεµÀÎ
Indus |
| ¹°º´
Aquarius |
ÀÛÀº°³
Canis Minor |
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Leo |
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Ara |
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Gemini |
Á¶°¢µµ
Caelum |
| ¾ç
Aries |
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Sculptor |
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Capricornus |
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Chamaeleon |
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Scorpius |
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Circinus |
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Virgo |
ÄÅ
Crater |
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Libra |
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Taurus |
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Tucana |
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Mensa |
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Lepus |
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Musca |
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Octans |
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Microscopium |
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astrology, type
of divination that consists in interpreting the influence of
planets and stars on earthly affairs in order to predict or
affect the destinies of individuals, groups, or nations. At
times regarded as a science, astrology has exerted an
extensive or a peripheral influence in many civilizations,
both ancient and modern. Astrology has also been defined as
a pseudoscience and considered to be diametrically opposed
to the theories and findings of modern science.
Astrology
originated in Mesopotamia, perhaps in the 3rd millennium BC,
but attained its full development in the Western world much
later, within the orbit of Greek civilization of the
Hellenistic period. It spread to India in its older
Mesopotamian form. Islamic culture absorbed it as part of
the Greek heritage; and in the Middle Ages, when western
Europe was strongly affected by Islamic science, European
astrology also felt the influence of the Orient.
The
Egyptians also contributed, though less directly, to the
rise of astrology. They constructed a calendar, containing
12 months of 30 days each with five days added at the end of
the year, that was subsequently taken over by the Greeks as
a standard of reference for astronomical observations. In
order that the starry sky might serve them as a clock, the
Egyptians selected a succession of 36 bright stars whose
risings were separated from each other by intervals of 10
days. Each of these stars, called decans by Latin writers,
was conceived of as a spirit with power over the period of
time for which it served; they later entered the zodiac as
subdivisions of its 12 signs. (see also Index: zodiac)
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In
pre-Imperial China, the belief in an intelligible cosmic
order, comprehended aspects of which would permit inferences
on correlated uncomprehended aspects, found expression in
correlation charts that juxtaposed natural phenomena with
the activities and the fate of man. The transition from this
belief to a truly astrological belief in the direct
influence of the stars on human affairs was slow, and
numerous systems of observation and strains of lore
developed. When Western astronomy and astrology became known
in China through Arabic influences in Mongol times, their
data were also integrated into the Chinese astrological
corpus. In the later centuries of Imperial China it was
universal practice to have a horoscope cast for each newborn
child and at all decisive junctures in life.
Once
established in the Classical world, the astrological
conception of causation invaded all the sciences,
particularly medicine and its allied disciplines. The
Stoics, espousing the doctrine of a universal "sympathy"
linking the microcosm of man with the macrocosm of nature,
found in astrology a virtual map of such a universe. (see
also Index: Stoicism)
Greek
astrology was slow to be absorbed by the Romans, who had
their own native methods of divination, but by the time of
Augustus, the art had resumed its original role as a royal
prerogative. Attempts to stem its influence on the populace
met repeatedly with failure.
Throughout
pagan antiquity the words astronomy and astrology had been
synonymous; in the first Christian centuries the modern
distinction between astronomy, the science of stars, and
astrology, the art of divination by the stars, began to
appear. As against the omnipotence of the stars,
Christianity taught the omnipotence of their Creator. To the
determinism of astrology Christianity opposed the freedom of
the will. But within these limits the astrological worldview
was accepted. To reject it would have been to reject the
whole heritage of classical culture, which had assumed an
astrological complexion. Even at the centre of Christian
history, Persian magi were reported to have followed a
celestial omen to the scene of the Nativity.
Although
various Christian councils condemned astrology, the belief
in the worldview it implies was not seriously shaken. In the
late European Middle Ages, a number of universities, among
them Paris, Padua, Bologna, and Florence, had chairs of
astrology. The revival of ancient studies by the humanists
only encouraged this interest, which persisted into the
Renaissance and even into the Reformation.
It was the
Copernican revolution of the 16th century that dealt the
geocentric worldview of astrology its shattering blow. As a
popular pastime or superstition, however, astrology
continued into modern times to engage the attention of
millions of people, this interest being catered to in the
20th century by articles in the daily press, by special
almanacs, and by astrology manuals.
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